Understanding Percontation Punctuation Marks

The percontation mark (also known as the punctus percontativus or  percontation  point) is a late-medieval mark of punctuation (ØŸ) used to signal the close of a rhetorical question. In rhetoric, percontatio is a type of affective (as opposed to information-seeking) question, similar to epiplexis. In The Arte of Rhetoric (1553), Thomas Wilson makes this distinction: We doo aske often-tymes, because we would knowe: we do aske also, because we woulde chide, and sette furthe our grief with more vehemencie, the one is called Interrogatio, the other is percontatio. The percontation mark was used (for a brief period of time) to identify this second type of question. Examples and Observations When punctuation was first invented by Aristophanes, librarian at Alexandria in the 4th century BC, he suggested that readers could use middle ( ·), low (.), and high points (Ë™) to punctuate writing according to the rules of rhetoric. Despite this, it took another two millennia before the eponymous rhetorical question got its own mark of punctuation. Worried that his readers would not catch such a subtle figure of speech, in the late sixteenth century the English printer Henry Denham created the percontation mark—a reversed question mark--to address the problem. . . .Faced with a wave of apathy, use of the percontation mark had petered out within fifty years of its birth. (Keith Houston, 8 Punctuation Marks That Are No Longer Used. Huffington Post, September 24, 2013)The percontation-mark (or punctus percontativus), the standard Arabic question mark, indicated percontations, questions open to any answer or (more loosely) rhetorical questions, in various books of c.1575-c .1625. This usage seems to have been invented by the translator Anthonie Gilbie or his printer Henry Denham (a pioneer of the semi-colon): roman examples appear in their psalms of Dauid (1581), black letter ones in Turbervilles Tragicall Tales (1587). It didnt catch on in print because, being reversed, expensive new type was needed, but was used by scribes including Crane, who worked on Shakespeares First Folio: so how did compositors set percontation-marks present in their copy but not type-cases? One possibility is that italic or black letter question-marks amid roman type record otherwise unsettable percontation-marks. (John Lennard, The Poetry Handbook: A Guide to Reading Poetry for Pleasure and Practical Criticism. Oxford University Press, 2005)[Henry] Denham seems to have been interested in punctuation, since two of the books he published in the 1580s contain another new, but rare symbol, the percontativus . . .. This consists of a reversed, but not inverted, interrogativus an d is used to mark a percontatio, i.e. a rhetorical question, one which does not require an answer. . . . For the most part 16th- and 17th-century authors and compositors either omitted to mark a percontatio, or used the interrogativus, but the percontativus does appear from time to time in the 17th century: for example, in the holographs of Robert Herrick and Thomas Middleton. (M.B. Parkes, Pause and Effect: An Introduction to the History of Punctuation. University of California Press, 1993)

Essay Descent Into Darkness Book Review - 1286 Words

Descent into Darkness: A Navy Diver’s Memoir Descent into Darkness by Edward C. Raymer is an exceptional piece of work that accounts the history and aftermath of the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941. Raymer’s purpose when writing Descent into Darkness was to mainly depict the story of what naval divers did during the recovery process after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the hazards endured and the sometimes nearly impossible hardships they overcame, and the innovative diving techniques implemented used to salvage as many damaged battleships and naval capabilities back to fleet. The primary content also includes tense descriptions of diving after horrific circumstances, the human factors that are seldom known, and the†¦show more content†¦Raymer articulates the scenarios in a sense that any person who had never served in the military would be able to empathize and conceptualize the obstacles presented to the divers. From the immediate hours following the Japanese assault to the days and month s later in where an attack could come from any moment. Raymer was able to elucidate in explicit detail what the divers endured during the post-Pearl Harbor recovery operations, and successfully accomplished his goals of providing vivid insight. Raymer’s account of working underwater, operating in pitch black environments, and maintaining communication in a time of developing technology were done so in an entertaining yet educational manner. His goals were to captivate and capture the readers attention by sharing the experiences of true historical accounts, a goal which is easily accomplished by most casual and scholarly readers. The book was written in a fashion where it was sophisticated yet easy to comprehend and understand by most individuals. While articulate, Raymer aimed at providing a factual cut and dry depiction of what happened, essentially point blank memoirs that would have the most profound impact (evident considering the book is less than 220 pages including pictures). The framework used by Raymer was that mainly that of a narrative view. Historical context was included but Descent into Darkness is primarily hisShow MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography Of The Heart Of Darkness1207 Words   |  5 PagesNoel Guillen Mr.Nigro English 8/12/17 The Heart of Darkness and the Secret Sharer Annotated Bibliography Zeitler, Michael. â€Å"Isolation in Heart of Darkness.† Encyclopedia of Themes in Literature, 3-Volume Set, Facts on File, 2010. Blooms Literature, online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/38721?q=heart of darkness. Accessed 30 Nov. 2017. Early in the narration of the heart of the darkness, it starts as Marlow the fellow sailor traveler that has an adventuress mindset but he is a very quiet andRead MoreHarry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Reveiw1484 Words   |  6 Pages(Ewing) which relates to the movie Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince which stars Daniel Radcliffe, Michael Gambon, Jim Broadbent, and directed by David Yates. In the sixth Harry Potter Saga, Harry goes to school, becomes obsessed with a mysterious book which belongs to the Half-Blood Prince, and goes on a dangerous mission to save himself in the end. Also, Harry tries to attempt to retrieve a memory of Professor Slughorn, which holds a major key to Voldermort’s downfall. Towards the end of the movieRead MoreEssay on Jungian Psychology and Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness6193 Words   |  25 PagesAs the Heart of Darkness snakes its way into the savage shadows of the African continent, Joseph Conrad exposes a psycho-geography o f the collective unconscious in the entangling metaphoric realities of the serpentine Congo. Conrad’s novella descends into the unknowable darkness at the heart of Africa, taking its narrator, Marlow, on an underworld journey of individuation, a modern odyssey toward the center of the Self and the center of the Earth. Ego dissolves into soul as, in the interior, MarlowRead MoreDescent Into Madness : A Book Review1948 Words   |  8 Pages A Book Review Of Rolland, Mike. (1997)Descent Into Madness: An Inmate’s Experience of the New Mexico State Prison Riot. Ohio: Anderson Publishing Company. By Charise Y. Scott AJU 6620 American Corrections Processes Mississippi College Dr. Harry Porter, Professor April 8, 2016 Descent into Madness: A Book Review This book is comprised of nineteen chapters, 153 pages that are aimed at an audience of sociologists, and academicians in all areas of criminal justice administrationRead MoreReview Of The Bluest Eye 2004 Words   |  9 Pages INTERDENOMINATIONAL THEOLOGICAL CENTER BOOK REVIEW SUBMITTED TO DR. SHIN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF DIVINITY CONGREGATIONAL EVANGELISM SUBMITTED BY PRINCESS O’NIKA AUGUSTE ATLANTA, GEORGIA Beloved is one of the most beautifully written books and Toni Morrison is one of the best authors in the world. After reading the Bluest Eye and seeing how captivating it is, it is not highly expectant to think that Beloved wouldRead MoreMy Major Of Interest Is Pre Nursing2684 Words   |  11 Pagesviewed as the book of truth. It is common that if you believe in one theory you may not believe in the other. Scientists have been plagued with finding the underlying truth for quite some time now, the majority of believes is that the earth is younger than 10,000 years of age. Some do believe 4004 BC was the year of creation. Nobody that was around when the earth was created is still around today to confirm either dates, though fossils do have a lot to show. My paper will discuss and review why evolutionRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance Essay2291 Words   |  10 Pageswriters spoke out during this span of time with books proving their natural humanity and de sire for equality. In 1923 Jean Toomer’s Cane was published by the Boni and Liveright publishing company and received favorable reviews. The book was released during the heart of the Harlem Renaissance and promoted the encouragement and interest in African American culture. For the next forty years, Cane was not printed and seemed to fade away as an influential book. Many publishers claimed Cane was too insubstantialRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1917 Words   |  8 Pagesmagnum opus. Set in 17th-century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts, during the years 1642 to 1649, it tells the story of Hester Prynne, who conceives a daughter through an affair and struggles to create a new life of repentance and dignity. Throughout the book, Hawthorne explores themes of legalism, sin, and guilt. Plot In June 1642, in the Puritan town of Boston, a crowd gathers to witness the punishment of Hester Prynne, a young woman found guilty of adultery. She is required to wear a scarlet A onRead MoreKing Leopolds Ghost1884 Words   |  8 Pagespeoples and the environment. He managed to do so without raising concerns about the illegalities or moralities of his time. To this day much of what is in this book has been ignored by history. Belgiums imperialist rape of Africa King Leopolds GhostÂâ€"A story of greed, terror and heroism in colonial Africa by Adam Hochschild Book review by Stuart Nolan Adam Hochschilds study of King Leopold II of Belgiums creation of the Congo Free State goes to the essence of the economic and politicalRead More Augustan Poetic Tradition Essay4394 Words   |  18 Pagesother contemporary poets, is a deeply literary poet, one whose consolations often lie in the invigorating strains of the poetic tradition itself (Burris ix). For Heaney, those strains are primarily formal. I rhyme / To see myself, to set the darkness echoing, Heaney writes in Personal Helicon, the final poem in his first collection, Death of a Naturalist (1966). Although rhyme here signifies, more generally, writing in verse, whether rhymed or free, Heaney is certainly drawn to rhyme and closed

Childhood vs Adult Learning Free Essays

————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- Childhood Versus Adulthood Learning ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- Tricia Barnes ————————————————- COM/156 ———â€⠀Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- January 19, 2012 ————————————————- John Likides ———————————————— There is no question about it, children and adults learn in different ways. The argument can be made about which one is better, and they are numerous schools of thought on the theories for each, but the bottom line is that there is a clear variation between how a child learns and how an adult learns. There is a vast importance for learning at both the childhood and adulthood levels. We will write a custom essay sample on Childhood vs Adult Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a child, one must learn on more of a basic, survival mindset in order to overcome the challenges that are present in the first few years. Although, as an adult, the skills and cognitive abilities that were discovered as a child must be expanded and improved in order to meet the tasks appropriate for each growing age level. As a child, becoming familiar with different facts and ideas sets the groundwork for the knowledge that we hope to achieve as an adult. By establishing a good foundation, the process for learning as an adult can be adapted and improved upon to meet the progressing needs. The four main childhood learning heories are Maturationism, Environmentalism, Constructivist, and Stage-based Teaching. The four main adulthood learning theories are Life Experiences, Speck’s theory, Andragogy theory, and Jarvis’s learning process. Each one of these theories attempts to exemplify the processes and skill sets that each deems important to the learning process. One of the pertinent childhood learning theories, Maturationism, deals with the idea that the process by which we learn for the first couple of yea rs is based on markers in our DNA (Hunt, 1969). Most people in this school of thought believe that education and environmental factors merely plays a supportive role to child development, while certain instincts imbedded in our genes actually govern around what age we learn thing like how to talk or walk. These factors can be manipulated and intensified by outside factors, but the main governing fact behind early childhood development is based around a Darwin like evolutionary instinct. Many advocates of Maturationism believe that holding a child back or starting a child a year late for school may be more beneficial in the long run, because they child is not at the proper developmental maturity to be able to handle that level of information, exemplifying the idea that a mind can only handle the information that it is developed to receive (DeCos, 1997). Environmentalism is another theory at the forefront of child development. Environmentalism is in fact the contrast to Maturationism theory in that it supports the idea that a child’s development and learning is shaped by their environment and outside factors. The environmentalist theory enforces the idea of recitation and repeating, according to this theory, this is how children learn. By incorporating the outside experiences and storing them, they are able to build upon those ideas and improve upon them to learn (Skinner, 1938). It is deemed essential, and if a child is deprived of these factors, will not be as well educated or able to cope with higher learning as well as a child that was introduced to this Some argue that this is why children who come from enriched lifestyles are less likely to succeed in school as those who prepare better in infancy and young ages. Another key theory is that of Constructivistism. This theory provides that children are active learners in their education, and a child’s development is based on their motivation and abilities to seek out information (Atherton, 2010). In practice, this theory implements an active learning setting, allowing students to become involved in the learning, introducing toys such as puzzles or blocks that stimulate active interactions, thereby allowing the child to take a more participant attitude in their learning. Should a child encounter problems in their learning, this theory supports the idea of channeling the process into a one on one, and more individual learning secession in order to improve on those weaknesses. One big supporter of this theory is Jean Paiget, a very well noted child psychologist Paiget has provided countless studies and supports the fact that most of what a child learns at young ages is what they deem pertinent and important to them. In contrast to learning theories established for children, there are equally as many important to that of studying the learning process of adults. A major theory that is easily identifiable is that of the Life Experiences. Children display this theory to a degree, however, the lasting effects ten to be greater in adults. On an evolutionary basis, children use life experiences to know that falling down hurts, or to stay away from a dish once they realize it’s hot. These process are more involved on a cognitive level, and don’t play particular attention to an overall learning process. When you are a child and someone takes your toy or pushes you down, you don’t tend to be as upset or concerned, and it’s usually something that can be easily forgotten. As adults, the value of the lessons learned from life experiences tend to be much more significant, and therefore there is more emphasis on the learning applications of said methods (Lieb, 1991). For example, for most people it takes only getting robbed once to start locking up their belongings. In that sense, adults are not only able to draw from their own life experiences, but also of that as a society. For instance, there are many people who have never had a car accident, but barring laws, many would still choose to wear a seat belt, just due to the fact that is has been proven by other life experiences to be useful for saving lives and preventing injury In 1996, educational specialist Marsha Speck designed what is known as Speck’s Theory of adult education. This theory is a minor variation of the Constructivism learning theory more or less with the addition of ego in adult learners. The theory offers that an adult will only pursue learning that is significant to them in one way or another, but they should rely on peer support and not be fearful of judgment (Speck, 1996). As adult learners, they must also be shown the effect of their knowledge in an applicable setting, in most cases. Most children follow after ideas and concepts that make them happy, however adults often times cannot maintain that luxury. Therefore, to gain the knowledge necessary, an adult learner must be shown the impact. In the military, for example, often times there are many by gone traditions and customs that many are unable to identify with until they learn the importance and usefulness of the given information. The Andragogy theory is another theory that is relevant and in practice with the study of adult learning and professional development. In this theory, the main concern is process not product. It is stated that adults tend to value the experience and methodology over the actual content that they are left with at the end. By this process, emphasis is put on real world learning and role playing situation (Knowles, 1984). The idea of getting a student out of a classroom and into a situation where they can actually learn as they go along is said to have a better and more powerful impact then taking notes or reading the process from a book. For instance, most students in trade career fields in particular tend to exemplify this philosophy in the method of applying more hands on and internship training into their curriculum. Vocational-Technical schools demonstrate how, even at a learning level, students are able to grasp enough of a trade to be able to iron out their abilities through hands on applications. Another good illustration of this theory is in the military, whereby the majority of the training a given individual achieves comes not from their book based learning, but from real world on the job training. In this sense, the student is able to get immediate gratification and can see the importance of the concepts learned immediately. Both childhood learning theories and adulthood learning theories are important to every aspect. Depending on the subject being taught should govern the method behind which theory should be applied. To learn second languages, many adults approach this with a mindset very difficult to breakdown, and therefore many find it very difficult. Children, on the other hand, are able to grasp a second language far easier. The argument purposed by Maturationists would be that children have a predetermined timeline for how learning occurs, and therefore children searching for a way to communicate their thoughts are able to pick up on more than one language at time, as their minds are ripe for that form of knowledge (Hunt, 1969). The largest problem for adult learning is ego and close-mindedness. Most adults are just unable to get out of their own way in order to understand new topics. There are also differences in certain areas where adults are able to learn certain things at a much faster rate than children, and the most representation of this is in the life experiences theory. Children are able to learn simple concepts, but things like guilt, jealousy, and love are not things that children are able to grasp. These abstract emotions can’t be taught, even at a childhood level; instead they must be learned on an individual level, as the knowledge is not necessarily universal, but more individual. Overall, there are a number of different theories and concepts behind each level of development in an individual. By classifying them, it can be noted what works best and what can be altered. In this way, the living organism that is the education system is dynamically and constantly changing. By dissecting how children learn, it is possible to improve on how adults can pick up on aspects like learning a foreign language, and children are able to learn thing like team dynamics. The open-mindedness and new age looks at education have shown how many different ways there are to teach, no matter what your age or learning style. References DeCos, P. L. (1997, December). Readiness for kindergarten: What does it mean? Sacramento, CA: California Research Bureau, California State Library Atherton, J. S (2010) Piaget. Learning and Teaching; Piaget’s developmental theory. Retrieved July 29, 2010, from http://www. learningandteaching. info/learning/piaget. htm Hunt, J. M. (1969). The impact and limitations of the giant of developmental psychology. In D. Elkind J. Flavell (Eds. ), Studies in cognitive development: Essays in honor of Jean Piaget. New York: Oxford University Press. Knowles, M. (1984). The Adult Learner: A Neglected Species (3rd Ed. ). Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing. Lieb, Stephen. (1991, Fall). Principles of adult learning. Vision. Retrieved July 28, 2010, from http://www. economist. com/china Skinner B F. (1938) The behavior of organisms: an experimental analysis. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Speck, M. (1996, Spring). Best practice in professional development for sustained educational change. ERS Spectrum, 33-41. How to cite Childhood vs Adult Learning, Papers

5 Ways Technology Can Be Used Essay Sample free essay sample

Newer engineerings have overcome some of the restraints of traditional agreements. In add-on to traditional interactions with schoolroom instructors. scholars now have the possibility of deriving information from many other beginnings. For illustration. they may have Web-based direction from a instructor located 100s of stat mis off from the scholar. Although scholars can go on to have this direction in a traditional schoolroom scene. it is no longer necessary. The technological capableness is available for the information to be delivered to scholars at place or in legion other scenes ( p290 ) Expanding Course Offers Schools in many parts of the state today use modern communicating engineerings to convey direction to scholars that. in anterior old ages. could non be delivered. For illustration. electronic picture and audio connexions make it possible for classs in such specialised topics as advanced concretion to be delivered to scholars go toing little schools where such topics are non available. Individual little schools frequently can non supply categories in forte countries that would pull merely little Numberss of enrollees. Today. an teacher from a individual location can function many scholars in stray locations by electronically associating them together utilizing modern picture and audio engineerings. One discrepancy of electronically based distance larning characteristics complete classs that are offered over the World Wide Web. In many designs of this type. scholars may â€Å"log on† to the classs they are taking whenever they are free to make so. In add-on to advancing broad geographic scattering of direction. Web-based classs allow scholars to make assignments at times that are convenient for them. In some topographic points. scholars take Web-based classs after normal school hours. ( p293 ) Imitating Real-Life Experiences Simulations have been used in school schoolrooms for many old ages. You have participated in illustrations during your ain old ages as a public-school scholar. Simulations give immature people chances for larning experiences that allow them to see world in ways that provide quite a believable semblance of a real-life experience. Learners make determinations that have effects. but the fake environment ever acts to continue their personal safety. Simulations besides provide chances for instructors to let scholars to vicariously experience conditions experienced by people in past times. New digital engineerings have greatly expanded the scope of simulations available for usage by public-school scholars. This scope in complexness from comparatively simple game-like experiences that are presented to scholars on computing machine discs to enormously ambitious. multiple-day experiences that may necessitate usage of Web sites. CD-ROMs. DVDs. telecastings. electronic mail. and other engineeri ngs. Simulations supported by digital engineering are now available for virtually all capable countries. Some technology-based simulations are inordinately sophisticated. For illustration. the Quest Channel. a subscription service. makes available to subscribing school territories and instructors complex â€Å"explorations† that link multiple schools and scholars with a squad of persons who go to interesting universe topographic points in hunt of replies to challenging inquiries. Participating scholars use the Web and e-mail to execute background work. to interchange information with â€Å"experts† and with other immature people ( in their ain school and in other take parting schools ) . and to see video images provided by the field squad. These simulations besides provide ways for involved instructors to pass on electronically and portion information about scholar advancement on other issues. During the autumn of 2002. the focal point was on Christopher Columbus. and scholars were involved in such activities as comparing historical histories of Columbus’s ocean trips with observations of the field squad. analyzing the history of geographic expedition and pilotage. larning about cultural groups of the Caribbean. and reading studies in both Spanish and English. Complex simulations. such as those provided by the Quest Channel. high spot another advantage of technology-supported simulations. They provide a cost-efficient manner for scholars to pros ecute interesting and motivative content. Few. if any. public schools could afford to direct an full category on a trip retroflexing Columbus’s path to the New World. Many can happen the money to back up a Quest Channel subscription that will let immature people to take part on a extremely prosecuting simulated version of the journey. ( p294-295 ) Helping Learners with Particular Problems Assorted engineerings have long been used to supply aid to scholars who have features that can interfere with their ability to larn. For illustration. for many old ages devices called braillers or braille-writers that allow users to take notes and bring forth other prose stuffs in Braille have been available to scholars with terrible ocular restrictions. Learners who are non adept readers sometimes have had entree to audio recordings of of import subdivisions of class texts. In some topographic points. enrichment experiences have been provided to bright immature people through videocassettes and particular computing machine package available for look intoing out and working with at place. Until late. pedagogues have followed this general sequence in placing support engineerings to utilize: ( 1 ) the general demands of the bing course of study were examined to place possible jobs that certain classs of scholars might confront. and ( 2 ) engineerings were identified that might let thos e scholars to interact with plan stuffs and net income from them. In other words. the bing course of study was considered as a â€Å"given. † and engineering was used to suit specific scholar features to it. This attack places heavy demands on instructors. For illustration. in your category you might hold scholars with conditions necessitating you to utilize a assortment of engineerings in your attempts to assist them larn. One scholar might hold a physical status that prevents any motion of weaponries or legs. Computer-based reading stuff would assist this individual. but you would necessitate to develop a system that would let screen alterations to be made by striking a saloon with the mentum. Another individual with really limited vision may necessitate a computing machine with enormously oversized keys that will â€Å"speak† when they are pressed. Other scholars may hold extra demands to which you must react. Although engineerings are available to help these scholars. the procedure of accessing needed equipment. doing certain that it is being used in ways that relate to the adopted course of study. and familiarising scholars with usage of new equipment can be frustrating and t ime-consuming. ( p265-296 ) Protecting LearnersDigital-communication engineerings such as those back uping e-mail and the World Wide Web make it possible for information from about illimitable Numberss of beginnings to be directed to computing machines that are linked to the Internet. If you use e-mail. you likely are familiar with the job of covering with big Numberss of unasked messages. many of them coming from persons and houses forcing doubtful fiscal strategies. promoting you to take part in on-line gaming. or beging your involvement in sites that characteristic adult stuff. When you use the Web pages. you view may have pop-up ads directing your attending to sites that. in some instances. may non be suited for scholars. Surely. any hunt engine can rapidly place tonss of sites with content that many parents and defenders consider unsuitable for immature people. In add-on. many online chat suites feature exchanges of lewdnesss and treatments of subjects that responsible grownups consider inappropriate for s chool-age scholars. In add-on to concerns about learners’ entree to inappropriate stuff. school leaders besides fear that some scholars may utilize Internet-linked computing machines illicitly or unethically ( Baines. 2007 ) . As a instructor. for illustration. you do non desire members of your category to go against right of first publication Torahs nor to happen accomplished term documents that they can copy and subject as their ain work. Professional pedagogues besides sometimes worry that older scholars will utilize taxpayer-supported electronic equipment and webs to prosecute in concern minutess. for illustration. through the usage of Web-based auction sites. In response to concerns about possible abuse of digital-communication engineering. schools around the state have worked hard in recent old ages to develop acceptable-use policies ( AUPs ) . Such policies typically make clear differentiations between acceptable and unacceptable scholar utilizations of engineering. Often. excessively. they contain information about countenances that will be applied to scholars who fail to follow established acceptable-use guidelines. These guidelines frequently differ harmonizing to variables including ( 1 ) whethe r scholars have completed a category in computing machine duty. ( 2 ) learners’ class degrees. and ( 3 ) whether online work is being done as portion of a category assignment. Many lists of unacceptable utilizations include ( 1 ) engagement in confab suites. ( 2 ) sending and having personal electronic mail ( unless this is portion of an assigned category activity ) . and ( 3 ) posting personal Web pages ( unless this is portion of an assigned category activity ) . AUPs frequently include lists of the sorts of Web sites scholars are out to see utilizing school computing machines with Internet connexions. Typical illustrations include Web sites that †¢promote force or illegal behaviour. †¢feature sexually expressed information.†¢provide entry to chew the fat suites.†¢sell term documents.†¢allow for copyright violation or plagiarism. and†¢permit users to prosecute in commercial minutess ( National Education Association. 1998 ) In a study titled The Digital Disconnect: The Widening Gap Between Internet-Savvy Students and Their Schools. research workers Douglas Levin and Sousan Arafeh ( 2002 ) study that over three-fourthss of immature people between the ages of 12 and 17 go online. Thirty per centum to forty per centum of adolescents fall into a technologically savvy class of elect Internet users. The Numberss of immature people in this group are turning. These sophisticated users on a regular basis go to the Internet to make school-related work. including locating resources. downloading beginning stuffs. join forcesing with other category members. and hive awaying documents and notes. Many pupils in this group express defeat with school polic ies that are designed to make the followers: †¢Limit their entree to the Internet to specific clip periods during the school twenty-four hours. †¢Limit their entree to the Internet to merely a few school computing machines located in peculiar suites ( frequently a computing machine research lab ) . †¢Impose content filters that are so restrictive that many legitimate information beginnings can non be accessed from school-based computing machines. ( p304-305 ) ( Armstrong. Teaching Today: An Introduction to Education. 8th Edition. Pearson Learning )

Characteristics of Okwonko in Things Fall Apart

This essay aims to reveal the significance of Okwonko, the central character in Chinua Achebe’s, Things Fall Apart. It exposes the characteristics of Okwonko, the village hero by how he relates with his family, friends and community. In addition, it traces his love for his community, passion for war and violence. Finally, it displays his hopelessness when his community accepts the British.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Characteristics of Okwonko in Things Fall Apart specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In his most acclaimed book, Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe depicts Okwonko as a hero. The story is set in colonial Africa under the rule of British imperialists in Nigeria. Okwonko is man who believes in African values and customs, but he has a big ego. He treats his mates and family (Nwoye) arrogantly and shamefully. Okwonko thinks he should be the leader of his community. He also feels Africans should not imitate white man’s traditions and customs. In addition, Okwonko thinks women are supposed to be slaves to men as revealed in the way he treats them violently. When finally his community embraces the ways of the white man, Okwonko commits suicide to show his hopelessness. In behaving this way, Okwonko is proving his manhood in a society that does not respect women. He also calls his mates ‘women’. It reveals that he is a boastful man who does not value his friends. Okwonko is also obsessed with war and violence. This is revealed the way he picks quarrels with his friends and challenges them for a fight. He also beats up his wives and children (Nwoye) whenever they have done wrong. On the other hand, Okwonko is a community defender. This is by sticking to the African customs and traditions. Finally, in killing himself, Okwonko reveals the despair that engulfed most communities when the colonialists succeeded in corrupting the minds of Africans. Okwonko depicts m any African characteristics in his behavior. First, his passionate defense of his community reveals Africans had their own ways of living. They had their methods of schooling and entertainments in the form of village duels where Okwonko became a hero by beating his rival. Second, the way he treats his wives without respect and decorum show Africans who looked down upon women. Their roles were only to cook and sire children. Third, by treating his friends arrogantly, Okwonko displays a community that believed in manhood. A man had to stand up to be counted. Lastly, on taking his own life, he becomes the voice of hopeless Africans who detested the imperialists. Generally, Okwonko is a symbol of uncolonised Africa.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Okwonko does all these to make an African point. First, when he bullies his wives and sons in the homestead, he reveals to the whit e man that, in Africa, a man is the head of the family. Second, when he calls his mates ‘women’ and challenges them for war, Okwonko proves to his community heroism and strength is the epitome of a village warrior. Okwonko is ready to defend his community at all costs. Third, his hatred for British colonizers and adoration for African values e.g. their own governance, education and entertainments, the village hero confirms to the white man the superiority of Africa. Finally, in committing suicide, Okwonko demonstrates to his community a terrible hopelessness of accepting the British values and customs. In conclusion, Chinua Achebe aims at revealing Africa that had it forms of education, governance and entertainments before coming of the British. Through Okwonko, the writer reveals the village fights, the family traditions and the challenges of Africa. Heroism of Okwonko is the courage of Africa during the colonial period. In addition, his destruction is the hopelessness and despair Africa felt under British colonization. This essay on Characteristics of Okwonko in Things Fall Apart was written and submitted by user Houston Hendricks to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Donald Trump

Donald J. Trump Donald Trump is a true success story. He has made billions of dollars in real estate such as Trump Tower, casinos such as Trump Taj Mahal, sports and entertainment like beauty pageants and now he is the star of his own televisions show â€Å"The Apprentice†. I feel that he is a good leader because he has come a very long way since his childhood. He worked with his father Fred C. Trump, whom he admired very much, in Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn. They were both dealmakers in both the area of construction and real estate. Donald Trump felt his father was his mentor and had a great deal of respect and love for him. â€Å"Years later Fred Trump stated that, some of his best business deals were made by his son† (NBC.com). His leadership skills really came through when he ventured into Manhattan real estate. His first purchase was the Trump Plaza Hotel on Park Avenue. He made that a success and continued to buy buildings and turn them into palaces. Some of his other buildings are Trump Tower, the world famous building that is residential and is also the home of his reality show. â€Å"Trump recently ventured into a major project in New York City, building a series of â€Å"trump landmarks† called, Trump Place† Donald Trump also expanded his corporation by buying property in Florida where the Mar-a-lago Hotel is located. Donald Trumps hit reality show has not only branched off to second and third seasons but also is going to have a new version of the show starring Martha Stewart. Without Donald Trump starting the show (and co-producing it) it would have not given Martha Stewart the opportunity to do her very own version of the show show. Some might say Donald trump is a trendsetter because he does stuff no one else dares to do. â€Å"He ventured into Atlantic City, New Jersey and opened several casinos† (cs.uh.edu). His leadership skills came through by making jobs available to thousands of pe... Free Essays on Donald Trump Free Essays on Donald Trump Donald J. Trump Donald Trump is a true success story. He has made billions of dollars in real estate such as Trump Tower, casinos such as Trump Taj Mahal, sports and entertainment like beauty pageants and now he is the star of his own televisions show â€Å"The Apprentice†. I feel that he is a good leader because he has come a very long way since his childhood. He worked with his father Fred C. Trump, whom he admired very much, in Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn. They were both dealmakers in both the area of construction and real estate. Donald Trump felt his father was his mentor and had a great deal of respect and love for him. â€Å"Years later Fred Trump stated that, some of his best business deals were made by his son† (NBC.com). His leadership skills really came through when he ventured into Manhattan real estate. His first purchase was the Trump Plaza Hotel on Park Avenue. He made that a success and continued to buy buildings and turn them into palaces. Some of his other buildings are Trump Tower, the world famous building that is residential and is also the home of his reality show. â€Å"Trump recently ventured into a major project in New York City, building a series of â€Å"trump landmarks† called, Trump Place† Donald Trump also expanded his corporation by buying property in Florida where the Mar-a-lago Hotel is located. Donald Trumps hit reality show has not only branched off to second and third seasons but also is going to have a new version of the show starring Martha Stewart. Without Donald Trump starting the show (and co-producing it) it would have not given Martha Stewart the opportunity to do her very own version of the show show. Some might say Donald trump is a trendsetter because he does stuff no one else dares to do. â€Å"He ventured into Atlantic City, New Jersey and opened several casinos† (cs.uh.edu). His leadership skills came through by making jobs available to thousands of pe... Free Essays on Donald Trump Donald J. Trump Donald Trump is a true success story. He has made billions of dollars in real estate such as Trump Tower, casinos such as Trump Taj Mahal, sports and entertainment like beauty pageants and now he is the star of his own televisions show â€Å"The Apprentice†. I feel that he is a good leader because he has come a very long way since his childhood. He worked with his father Fred C. Trump, whom he admired very much, in Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn. They were both dealmakers in both the area of construction and real estate. Donald Trump felt his father was his mentor and had a great deal of respect and love for him. â€Å"Years later Fred Trump stated that, some of his best business deals were made by his son† (NBC.com). His leadership skills really came through when he ventured into Manhattan real estate. His first purchase was the Trump Plaza Hotel on Park Avenue. He made that a success and continued to buy buildings and turn them into palaces. Some of his other buildings are Trump Tower, the world famous building that is residential and is also the home of his reality show. â€Å"Trump recently ventured into a major project in New York City, building a series of â€Å"trump landmarks† called, Trump Place† Donald Trump also expanded his corporation by buying property in Florida where the Mar-a-lago Hotel is located. Donald Trumps hit reality show has not only branched off to second and third seasons but also is going to have a new version of the show starring Martha Stewart. Without Donald Trump starting the show (and co-producing it) it would have not given Martha Stewart the opportunity to do her very own version of the show show. Some might say Donald trump is a trendsetter because he does stuff no one else dares to do. â€Å"He ventured into Atlantic City, New Jersey and opened several casinos† (cs.uh.edu). His leadership skills came through by making jobs available to thousands of pe...

The American Journalist Robert Kaplan stated that anyone who Essay

The American Journalist Robert Kaplan stated that anyone who disbelieves Hobbes' state of nature argument has never visited Co - Essay Example One of the most famous journalists from America, Robert Kaplan has attributed such a term to the society of Cote da’Ivoire, also called in English has the Ivory Coast. To make a statement of such magnitude, there must be some sense going behind it. And indeed, when one sees the current crisis in the Ivory Coast on both the social and political fronts, one is ought to come to the conclusion that Hobbes description of ‘state of nature’ is still prevalent. (Volkov 2011) The troubled lands of West Africa saw an unusual development in political and societal fronts through the land of Ivory Coast. After its independence from the French in 1960, there was a line of hope within the minds of people of this country to stand tall amongst other nations. But, it all came down when the first political crisis rose in Abidjan in 2002. Irrespective of the presence of the French troupes in the country, deployed primarily to seize any such rebellions against the government, the poli tical scenario was split into two with the rebels occupying the entire northern half of the country. When the United Nations came into picture, a deal was struck wherein the rebels, the Ivorians and the ruling government would combine together to form a united governance.

The nursing profession has lost sight of the importance of core values Essay

The nursing profession has lost sight of the importance of core values at the expense of evidence based practice - Essay Example Evidence alone is not sufficient to complete health recovery of the patient. Consultation on the patient’s preference coupled with nursing ethics and core values have been known to yield better results (CNA Centennial, 2008, p. 2). Evidence based practice assumes that scientific knowledge is used in the context of a particular problem affecting a number of people in a population (Beyer & Slattery, 2006, p. 1; Houser, Oman, 2011, p. 4). This is regardless of whether these are resent or past results. Newly established health problems may not benefit from the research when the treatment is depended on past research (NCIRD, 2014, p. 1). For example seasonal research studies on how well flu vaccines work has registered varied result based on study design applied (NCIRD, 2014, p. 1). The differences thus make it impossible to use an old research finding as a solution to the recently discovered type of flu. When old evidence is used, the patient’s healing process is hence compromised since it requires real-time solutions that uphold core values to solve newly developed problems (Thomas, Burt, Parker, 2014, p. 14). The core values are related to the basis on which nursing profession was formulated. The core values to a holistic response to the patients and family needs safety, competence, and ethical care, respect for the patient’s rights, decisions, dignity, right to privacy and confidentiality (Nelligan, et al., 2002, p.64). For example treatment care for patients with cancer involves ethical care and respect for patients decision (Nelligan, et al., 2002, p.66). The nurses are guided by the intention of the patient to achieve good health. They therefore identify and respect the patient’s rights likely to be affected by the treatment decision taken. Some patient may prefer never to go for chemotherapy especially when the disease is at an advanced stage.

Impact of Foreign Direct Investment in an Emerging Market Dissertation

Impact of Foreign Direct Investment in an Emerging Market - Dissertation Example This study will adopt a rational position in evaluating the impacts that FDI flows towards emerging economies, and this will be holistic in order to establish the impacts in either positive dimensions or negative dimensions.  This paper has the main objective as being to measure the impacts of FDI in developing countries in general (without particular preference towards any country in particular). This discussion stresses that there are various and distinct methods that researchers employ while conducting such a research study as the current one. In this section, methodology will be used to refer to the systematic processes that will be adopted in conducting this study for data collection analysis and derivation of qualitative conclusions in answering the lead questions identified. It is however worth noting that research methods are part of the methodologies in any research study. The basis of choosing the various methods that are applied in this study is on first investigating literature through reviewing the methods that have been used in the past while studying the topic of such a related theme. This study notes that many of the past studies on FDI in emerging economies have been done through qualitative and deductive methodologies. This study also adopts a qualitative deductive methodology in analyzing the information presented through the literature reviewed for testing of the hypothesis guiding the study and effectively answering the questions posed for this study.

High Yield Explosives (CBRNE) Analysis

High Yield Explosives (CBRNE) Analysis Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and High Yield Explosives (CBRNE) Analysis The terrorist group that has been chosen for this analysis paper is ISIS which is also known as ISIL. ISIS means the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria or Levante and was created in the year 2014. In the previous years, this terrorist group was an affiliate of the Al-Queda terrorist group that was responsible for the infamous 9/11 attacks and warcrimes in Iraq and its neighboring nations such as Iran and Syria. The organization was responsible for driving the Iraqi government military out of key cities in Iraq and has also been responsible for many attacks in Syria making it the most dangerous terrorist group currently. The primary means of attack that is normally used by ISIS is the decimation attack. In this form of attack, the terrorists plant explosives in strategic places and detonate them in order to inflict havoc. This form of attack has been the main form of attack being used by this terrorist organization as many suicide bombers and mass shooters have been able to use this form of attack in not only Syria and Iraq, but also in the recent Paris attacks which took place in the year 2015. The organization is primarily against inasion by western nations such as the U.S. and the EU and retaliates by targeting the citizens of these nations, making them the primary targets. On the other hand, the citizens who get attacked in their domestoc nations are the secondary targets. This organization likes to publicize its attacks in order to inflict terror. This method is very effective for the organization. Besides that, the organization is also very quick to claim responsibility over many terrorist attacks taking place all over the world, which is a clear indication that ISIS is very effective. Attack Mode Evidence Color Code Firearms This is one of the major atatck mode that is normally used by ISIS as firearms are relatively easier and cheaper to acquire than explosives. November 13, 2015, separate attacks were launched using assault weapons. Shootings took place in Brussels, leading to the dealth of three individuals on May 24th, 2014 (Lister, Sanchez, Bixler, OKey, Hogenmiller Tawfeeq, 2017). Shootings at Orlando, Florida led to the death of 49 people and the death of the attacker after the attcker shot a crown at a night club known as Pulse. IEDs Three suicide bomber attacked Atatruk International Airport in Instanbul, Turkey, killing 44 people on June, 28, 2016 according to (Lister, Sanchez, Bixler, OKey, Hogenmiller Tawfeeq, 2017). Explosions in Belgium at Brussels airport while a different explosion went off at a subway station leading to the death of 32 people. Paris attacks on Novermber 13, 2015 leading to the death osf 130 people. Biological Given the fact that the organization uses IEDs and firearms as its primary form of attack, this could be a threat if the organization gets access to biological weapons in future. Radiological Given the fact that the organization uses IEDs as its primary form of attack, this could be a threat if the organization gets access to radiological weapons in future. Chemical Given the fact that the organization uses IEDs as its primary form of attack, this could be a threat if the organization gets access to chemical weapons. Hostage Taking ISIS has been known to use this tactic to intimidate its enemies. Common victims of these attacks are: soldiers, journalists and foreigners. The following is a list of such attacks. Shootings at Orlando, Florida led to the death of 49 people and the death of the attacker after the attcker shot a crown at a night club known as Pulse. Although the attacker used a firearm, it was a hostage taking form of attack (Lister, Sanchez, Bixler, OKey, Hogenmiller Tawfeeq, 2017).. On January 9 2015, a lone attacker was killed in Paris after a botched hostage attempt at a grocery shop. Cyber Attacks Coordination of the Paris attacks was coordinated and facilitated using encrypted communications. References

Euthanasia Essay -- Euthanasia Essays

Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Individual cases presented to justify legalizing physician assisted suicide fail to deal with underlying medical failures to control pain, creating an illusion of control over death, and not acknowledging the thousands of patients murdered inappropriately. This is an interesting and a very controversial issue in today’s society. Euthanasia has negative sides, it can hurt society, and everyone needs to learn more bout it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The word Euthanasia is Greek in origin. It arrived from the prefix â€Å"eu†, meaning fear, easy, and fortunate and from the word â€Å"thanatos† meaning death. The main idea of Euthanasia is that someone has a conscientious death or a fortunate one. In other words, we attempt to ease one’s pain by murdering another human being to give him/her a so-called â€Å"easy death† which is illegal and morally wrong. The key element of one human being taking the life of another human being is not present. It is exactly this element that causes euthanasia to be morally wrong (Gay-Williams,288)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are different cases that might be hard to distinguish whether it is, or isn’t Euthanasia. There are murders in â€Å"just†, war, when trying to protect oneself, and in federal executions. It can be said that one of those is amiss; it would be arduous to prove that they are always amiss. When someone looks at those examples above and euthanasia, he/she can tell their inequality. The person who is murdered above is considered by the murderer as an adversary, an assaulter, or criminally culpable. But the individual in Euthanasia is neither of the three we mentioned (Gay-Williams, 288). As I defined earlier, euthanasia is taking someone’s life, either his/her own or of another person to add to that, the human being whose life is confiscated must be a person that is assumed to be experiencing a disease or injury from which regaining life cannot reasonably be anticipated. Ultimately, the attempt must be deliberate and intentional. Thus, euthan asia is purposely confiscating the life of a believed hopeless person, whether it is the person’s own or of a relative or friend, it is still euthanasia. It is critical to be apparent about the deliberate and intentional appearance of the death. If a desperate person is injected with the incorrect drug unintenti... ...Cited Darr, Kurt. â€Å"Physician-Assisted Suicide and the Supreme Court: Implications for Health Services   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Delivery.† 22 Jun. 1997. On-line. Netscape. 1 Oct. 2002. Dekker, Diana. â€Å"Life or Death.† The Evening Post. 23 Jun. 2001. On-line. Netscape. 1 Oct.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2002. Gay-Williams,J. â€Å"The Wrongfulness of Euthanasia† Taking Sides: Clashing views on Controversial Moral Issues. Ed. Stephen Satris. 5th ed. Guilford, CT: Dushkin/McGraw Hill, 1997. 288-289, 290-293. Hending, Herbert.†Selling Death and Dignity: Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Bioethical Issues. Ed. Stephen Carol Levine. 7th ed. Guilford, CT: Dushkin/Mcdraw-Hill, 1997 80-81, 87-94, 95. Hupfer, Sherrrie. â€Å"Ethical deisions at the Darkest Hour.† Radiologic Technology. 11 Jan. 1996.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On-line. Netscape. 1 Oct. 2002 Komp, Diane. Assisted Suicide. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Pres. 1998 Shapiro, Joseph P. â€Å"Expanding a Right to Die.† U.S. News and World Report. 15 Apr. 1996: 63. Vallis, Mary. â€Å" Study Pinpoints Fear that pushes some to Euthanasia: A Means of Limiting a loss of Self.† National Post 3Aug. 2001. On-line. Netscape. 5 Oct. 2002

Pestel Philips Essay

POLITICAL FACTORS Because Philips is an international company, it has to deal with many political factors such as: tax policy, employment laws, environmental regulations, trade restrictions and political stability inside each country they are in. Philips is a manufacturer, a sales company and needs to maintain service organization too, so it must deal with many varieties of laws and policies that are changing, depending the country and the time. For example in many countries of European union now taking place dynamic changes in employment law. (Federation of European employees, 2007) ECONOMIC FACTORS Depending on the country and the economic growth of it, the purchasing power of the population is not the same everywhere. In fact, as Philips is present in many countries, it has to adapt its products and sales processes to the buying habits and the standard of living. For Philips high economic growth means the increasing purchasing power of the population that is desirable for the company. SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS The social and cultural influences on business vary from country to country, region to region. It is very important that such factors are considered. Then, it is necessary for Philips to understand the consumer needs and habits in order to meet its expectations. Moreover, in developed countries nowadays, customers are paying more and more attention to ethics, respect and culture of the company. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS Because of the international presence of Philips, each country doesn’t have the infrastructure to welcome properly Philips’ technologies, including online processes. So Philips needs to adapt its products to the country where they are. Moreover, Philips Company is very dependant on technology. New innovations can significantly improve operations of the company. Also, it’s important not to neglect the Research and Development department even if it’s the most expensive one. ECOLOGICAL FACTOR: Many countries are now environment concerned and try to reduce pollution. Philips as a large manufacturer can face some problems because of that, even more as it is a lightening company. With the important development of the LED, Philips has a real challenge even if the LED market is not as profitable as the lamp market. LEGAL FACTOR Each country has its own legislation even countries which are parts of the same organization, for example, in Europe, there is the European legislation and the country’s legislation, so Philips needs to be aware of every aspects of this system and adapt quickly.

Matilda Dixon and The Curse of Port Fairy Professor Ramos Blog

Matilda Dixon and The Curse of Port Fairy Matilda Dixon was adored by all the children of Port Fairy for her generosity and kindness. The question is, why did this kindhearted individual turn into a vengeful evil spirit that haunts and murders the children of Port Fairy? There may not be one specific cause, but several reasons could have contributed to Matilda’s metaphoric process from a loving childhood icon to a child murdering banshee. Contributing factors could be traced back to the loss of her husband, her unorthodox practice of collecting teeth, the prejudice that she experienced from the town’s people, and her lynching that ended with her cursing the town’s peopleThe first contributing factor for Matilda’s transformation was dealing with the loss of her husband.   Matilda Dixon, born Matilda Schultz, was like everyone else in the town of Port Fairy. She led a normal life working hard at a bakery and had married a sailor by the name of Sonny Dixon. One night, in 1836, Sonny’s ship t he Guiding Light was lost at sea during a storm. In this storm, 15 sailors lost their lives including Sonny Dixon. Matilda was devastated that the love of her life was gone, and his death left a gaping hole in her heart that could not be filled. The loss of a loved one is shattering and leaves us with so many unanswered questions that we would have longed to communicate with those who have passed away. Throughout the centuries many cultures believe that communication with the dead is possible and claim that the living can reach out to the dead by using special techniques and rituals. Senior Lecture in the school of Psychology Dr. Tassell-Matamua explains â€Å"humankind has told of conversing with the dead for millennia. The tales transcend civilizations and time† (Tassell-Matamua 107).   It could be said that Matilda longed to hear from her long-lost love Sonny and sot ways to reconnect with him choosing a path which would lead her down a dark road. Matilda would find a wa y to bridge this connection using the baby teeth of the children of Port Fairy.    Another contributing factor was Matilda’s unorthodox collection of baby teeth. Matilda was childless and had no other family to comfort her in her time of loss. Matilda loved to bake and would try to pass the time spreading cheer among the children of Port Fairy, but the loneliness was unbearable, and the time spent with the children was not enough. Matilda longed to speak with her husband Sonny, so she decided that she would try to find a way to do this. Whenever a child would lose their tooth, she would bake them a special cake in exchange for their tooth, earning her the name The Tooth Fairy. The towns people thought this practice a little odd but ignored it because it brought joy to the children, and Matilda seemed harmless enough. What was unknown to the people of Port Fairy was that Matilda was collecting the teeth for their magical properties. Matilda wanted a way to communicate with her dead husband Sonny and would use the teeth to obtain this desire. According to Professor Charles Allen, â€Å"few people have ever thought about or given consideration to the large place the teeth occupy in magic, sorcery and folklore. Since the earliest times and among all primitive races, teeth, especially human teeth have occupied an important place in magic ceremonies, sorcery, incantations, the practice of magic, and the working of charms† (Allen 722). Tooth lore and practices have changed throughout the ages, thus some people believed that it was important to dispose of baby teeth correctly in fear that a witch would obtain them and put a curse on the individual. Teeth were swallowed, burned or buried so that this would not happen.   Further evidence of her unorthodox practices leads the towns people to believe she was practicing witchcraft. The Children of Port Fairy would continue to seek Matilda whenever they would lose a tooth in order to get a taste of her yummy treats, until one night an oven fired swept through her kitchen. The towns people hurried to her home to put out the fire, but Matilda had already put the fire out, but not before she had burned her face and most of her body. Matilda refused to let the town’s people in her home to help her and sent them away. Matilda had become more reclusive and she did not allow the children to come over anymore from that time on. She hid her face behind a porcelain mask and dark cloak because of her burns and sensitivity to sunlight. The town’s people became suspicious of what had happened that night of the fire. It was said that it was not her baking that caused the fire in her kitchen, but that Matilda was practicing witchcraft and, that she co nsorted with evil spirits to gain the ability to communicate with the dead. Matilda crossed a line that she will never be able to return from and her punishment was to live a life in darkness never to feel the sunlight on her face again due to her burns. Cohen states in thesis V that â€Å"the monster stands as a warning against exploration of its uncertain demesnes† (Cohen 12). Matilda’s sadness caused her to explore the realm of witchcraft which is forbidden in most cultures. Witches have been around for centuries; they are the mediators between human beings and spirits. One of the earliest records of a witch (medium) is found in the Bible in the book of 1 Samuel. It tells the story of when King Saul consulted with a medium to summon the dead prophet Samuel’s spirit for advice for how to defeat the Philistine army. Matilda isolated herself from the rest of the town except for that her desire to collect the children’s teeth continued. Matilda would conti nue to collect the baby teeth of the children of Port Fairy but under the cover of darkness. The children placed their tooth in a handkerchief and tacked it to door of their home. Matilda would wait for the town to sleep before going and collecting the teeth but instead of leaving a baked treat she replaced it with a gold coin. The towns prejudice towards Matilda grew and she was soon under scrutiny. Another contributing factor of Matilda’s metamorphism into an evil specter was the growing prejudice of the town’s people. Matilda was no longer seen as a kind generous woman who had lived amongst them. The town’s fear and gossip had turned Matilda into something monstrous. Cohens monster thesis IV tells us that â€Å"the exaggeration of cultural difference into monstrous aberration is familiar enough (Cohen 7). The town’s fear of Matilda grew in their eyes, so she was no longer one of them but an outsider, a monster. One day two children had supposedly ventured off to visit Matilda’s home but never returned home that night. The town’s people were enraged with anger stemming from fear of the unknown. The father of the children formed a mob from the drunken men in the tavern. Without question the town’s people made their way to Matilda’s house, drug her out from her home, and hung her on a nearby tree till she was dead. The children were found later that night returning from the next town over. The whole town witnessed the death of Matilda, and the whole town was guilty of murdering an innocent woman. The town of Port Fairy turned into the very monster that they feared and would have to live with their actions for the rest of their lives. The town buried Matilda along with their secret but secretes have a way of resurfacing. Cohen tell us in his monster theses VII that â€Å"this thing of darkness I acknowledge mine† (Cohen 20). The murder of Matilda Dixon was the town’s contribution to the creation of a vengeful spirit that Matilda would become. Matilda was dead, but this would not be the last time that the town of Port Fairy would see her. Matilda had cursed the town with her dying breath saying, â€Å"what I took in kindness I will take in vengeance.† This was the precipitating cause that transformed Matilda Dixon into an evil child murdering banshee of Port Fairy. She would return to visit the children of Port Fairy when they would lose their last baby tooth killing all those who looked upon her porcelain masked face.    The conclusion is that Matilda Dixon was not really a monster, but she was someone who became a monster because of her vengeful spirit. Investigation into the life of Matilda Dixon and the sequences that lead Matilda down a road to her inevitable transformation from kind heart soul to a tooth collecting killer leads one to believe that there was not just one event that caused this spiral into a life of monstrosity but multiple contributing factors.   Factors such as the experience of dealing with the traumatic loss of her husband and her unorthodox practices of tooth collecting, also the prejudice of the town’s people that lead to her a hanging and her cursing the town. These were contributed to the creation of a monster. Work Cited Allen, Charles Channing. â€Å"The Teeth in Sorcery and Magic.† American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Volume 3, issue 12, 722-728 Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. â€Å"Monster Culture: Seven Theses.† From Monster Theory: Reading Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996. 3-25. â€Å"movieweb Darkness Fall The Legend of Matilda Dixon MovieWeb com.† YouTube, uploaded by Samuel Thompson, 8 April 2011, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GYSf32mJ_Yt=33s Tassell-Matamua, Natasha A. â€Å"Brief Report: Phenomenology of Near-Death Experiences: An Analysis of a Maori Case Study.† (2013).

King Cotton and the Economy of the Old South

King Cotton and the Economy of the Old South King Cotton was a phrase coined in the years before the Civil War to refer to the economy of the American South. The southern economy was particularly dependent on cotton. And, as cotton was very much in demand, both in America and Europe, it created a special set of circumstances. Great profits could be made by growing cotton. But as most of the cotton was being picked by enslaved people, the cotton industry was essentially synonymous with slavery. And by extension,  the thriving textile industry, which was centered on mills in northern states as well as in England, was inextricably linked to the institution of American  slavery. When the banking system of the United States was rocked by periodic financial panics, the cotton-based economy of the South was at times immune to the problems. Following the Panic of 1857, a South Carolina senator, James Hammond, taunted politicians from the North during a debate in the U.S. Senate: You dare not make war on cotton. No power on earth dares make war upon it. Cotton is king. As the textile industry in England imported vast quantities of cotton from the American South, some political leaders in the South were hopeful that Great Britain might support the Confederacy during the Civil War. That did not happen. With cotton serving as the economic backbone of the South before the Civil War, the loss of enslaved labor that came with  emancipation  changed the situation. However, with the institution of sharecropping, which in practice was generally close to slave labor, the dependence on cotton as a primary crop continued well into the 20th century. Conditions Which Led to a Dependence on Cotton When white settlers came into the American South, they discovered very fertile farmland which turned out to be some of the best lands in the world for growing cotton. Eli Whitneys invention of the cotton gin, which automated the work of cleaning cotton fiber, made it possible to process more cotton than ever before. And, of course, what made enormous cotton crops profitable was cheap labor, in the form of enslaved Africans. The picking of cotton fibers from the plants was very difficult to work which had to be done by hand. So the harvesting of cotton required an enormous workforce. As the cotton industry grew, the number of slaves in America also increased during the early 19th century. Many of them, especially in the lower South, were engaged in cotton farming. And though the United States instituted a ban against importing slaves early in the 19th century, the growing need for slaves to farm cotton inspired a large and thriving internal slave trade. For example, slave traders in Virginia would transport slaves southward, to the slave markets in New Orleans and other Deep South cities. Dependence on Cotton Was a Mixed Blessing By the time of the Civil War, two-thirds of the cotton produced in the world came from the American South. Textile factories in Britain used enormous quantities of cotton from America. When the Civil War began, the Union Navy blockaded the ports of the South as part of General Winfield Scotts Anaconda Plan. And  cotton exports were effectively stopped. While some cotton was able to get out, carried by ships known as blockade runners, it became  impossible to maintain a steady supply of American cotton to British mills. Cotton growers in other countries, primarily Egypt and India, increased production to satisfy the British market. And with the cotton economy essentially stalled, the South was at a severe economic disadvantage during the Civil War. It has been estimated that cotton exports before the Civil War were approximately $192 million. In 1865, following the end of the war, exports amounted to less than $7 million. Cotton Production After the Civil War Though the war ended the use of enslaved labor in the cotton industry, cotton was still the preferred crop in the South. The system of sharecropping, in which farmers did not own the land but worked it for a portion of the profits, came into widespread use. And the most common crop in the sharecropping system was cotton. In the later decades of the 19th-century prices of cotton dropped, and that contributed to the severe poverty throughout much of the South. The reliance upon cotton, which had been so profitable earlier in the century, proved to be a severe problem by the 1880s and 1890s.

EBay Stock Option Plans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

EBay Stock Option Plans - Essay Example When the figures are compared between the two methods, the figure that denotes eBay’s unprofitable operations can be turned to a profitable one with the choice of the accounting method. Thus, ethical considerations which should be based on accurate reporting of its performance to its investors, are of little importance to eBay in choosing the method for reporting its options. Certain financial considerations seem to play part in the choice of eBay’s financial reporting for stock options. As the choice will impact a handful of items in the financial statements of the company, financial considerations seem to be very relevant as for eBay’s choice of intrinsic value over fair market value (Bradshaw 2004, 3). According to an article from Darden Business Publishing, University of Virginia, the main advantage of choosing intrinsic value over fair market value is that firms will not record compensation expense when the market price is equal to the exercise price (2004, 12). This gives a firm a significant financial advantage as it reduces the effect of compensation expenses to the company’s operating expenses, which then affects the company’s net income. When a company like eBay can choose to report its stock options based on the intrinsic value method, it is required to put footnotes in order to show the figures if fair market value method is used for financial reporting. However, because this is just a footnote and does not require recognition in the financial statements of the company, the choice has some strong relevance to the financial considerations that are associated with it. According to the article from the University of Virginia, the shift from intrinsic value to fair market value method of reporting stock options will impact eBay’s financial statements by recognizing a deferred tax asset for the estimated future benefit, which will

An examination of the efficacy of Behavioral Finance Essay

An examination of the efficacy of Behavioral Finance - Essay Example 383) -The weak form hypothesis asserts that stock prices already reflect all information that can be derived by examining market trading data such as the history of past prices, trading volume, or short interest. Numerous papers have demonstrated that early identification of new information can provide substantial profits. Insiders who trade on the basis of privileged information can therefore make excess returns, violating the strong form of the efficient market hypothesis. Even the earliest studies by Cowles (1933,1944), however, make it clear that investment professionals do not beat the market. It has already been stated that an efficient market is one where the prices of securities fully reflect all available information, but then what are the sufficient conditions for capital market efficiency? In an idealized world, such conditions would be The debate about market efficiency has resulted in thousands of empirical studies and literature attempting to determine whether particular markets are in fact ‘efficient’, and if so to what degree. In fact, the majority of studies and researches of technical theories have gone to the result that it is difficult to predict prices. Moreover, the random walk theory indicates that price movements will not follow any trends and so by knowing the past price movements it’s not possible to predict the future price movements. All these state that markets are in fact efficient. However, researchers have also exposed many stock market anomalies that seem to be inconsistent with the efficient market hypothesis. Trading strategies seem to be widespread among fund managers and there is little evidence that they would generate excess returns in practice (Malkiel, 2003). Evidence proof that the use of trading strategies might be closely related to behavioural anomalies. It is impossible to consistently make abnormal returns using a

GCC Common Currency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

GCC Common Currency - Essay Example a unified economic system having a unified currency will do much to stabilize this situation for them and the oil importing market (Al-Jasser & Al-Hamidy 116). The requisites for establishing a unified currency area necessitates the free movement of national goods, labour and capital across borders within the area, greatly enhancing trade among the member countries. Full customs union, a precursor to trade liberalization, is expected to increase inter-GCC trade to 20% in 2015 and 25% in 2020 (Kawach). CON: There presently exists a great disparity in the size of the economy of Saudi Arabia as compared to the other member countries, so there should be a more careful and gradual integration of movements of resources so as not to cause destabilization among the smaller economies. Furthermore, the customs union began in 2005 is not yet fully implemented with many reservations still in place at present. Also, boosting regional trade requires diversifying away from oil, which still accounts for 90 percent of export revenues (Hancock). PRO: The integration of the individual economies should be carefully managed so that the valuation of assets would not be unduly distorted. Measures have been initiated to interlink the countries’ stock markets in order to accommodate cross listing and trading of equities and other securities. The common currency also eliminates foreign exchange risk within the GCC area, because the need to convert from one currency to another would have been eliminated. CON: In the process of unification, financial assets which are denominated in national currencies should not suffer in valuation in the new currency. Financial asset valuation depends to an extent on the future return on investment in comparison with inflation, nominal interest rates, and foreign exchange rates (Al-Jasser & Al-Hamidy 116). The efforts to unify the customs and markets operations that began in 2003 to 2005 are still to be completed (Mohamed & Irandoust

Haas and Flower Reading Response Essay Example for Free

Haas and Flower Reading Response Essay â€Å"If readers construct the meaning of texts, how does information transmission work?† Through constructing the meaning of texts, a reader can interpret and summarize chunks of writing into something that is already processed by the reader. Personally, I know that if I begin reading a piece of text that I have never researched or learned in the past, obviously I cannot make an information transmission. On the other hand, when I read a piece of material that Ive learned in the past, it helps me to fully interpret and think critically on the topic. If a reader can complete a create a connection between past learning and the newer topic, the reader can construct a personal judgment or opinion. The readers thesis is then developed and the reader can fully absorb and accomplish what is a â€Å"good read.† â€Å"What kinds of knowledge did you bring to this article that helped you make sense of it?† The information I brought to the article was really a collection of teachings I received through high school. The knowledge to re-read text if I dont fully comprehend the authors point. Also the ability to stop and evaluate the text to figure out what Haas and Flower were trying to explain. I received fairly intensive English courses in high school, from which I was able to transmission my past lessons to the text Haas and Flower presented. Without trying to sound repetitive, I was able to pick apart phrases of the text that I simply didnt understand, even by rereading, and use the context to help make snese of the wording Haas and Flower use.

Reflective Essay on Personal Strengths

Reflective Essay on Personal Strengths Personal Strengths 2 Introduction StrengthsQuest is a personality assessment tool used by career-oriented companies and schools to help determine what careers a given person might be suitable for. This is a test approximately 150 questions long, that measures ones top five personality strengths, so that those top five may be recognized and utilized in a proficient manner within that persons career. This maximizes ones workable efficiency. This report will analyze my top five personal strengths and make a correlation between them and my future career endeavors. Personal Strengths Themes My top five personal strengths are Belief, Responsibility, Competition, Developer, and Relator. In order to further discuss these strengths, one must have a basic understanding of what goes into each strength theme. Belief   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If you possess a strong Belief theme, you have certain core values that are enduring. These values vary from one person to another, but ordinarily your Belief theme causes you to be family-oriented, altruistic, even spiritual, and to value responsibility and high ethics-both in yourself and others. These core values affect your behavior in many ways. They give your life meaning and satisfaction; in your view, success is more than money and prestige. They provide you with direction, guiding you through the temptations and distractions of life toward a consistent set of priorities. This consistency is the foundation for all your relationships. Your friends call you dependable. â€Å"I know where you stand,† they say. Your Belief makes you easy to trust. It also demands that you find work that meshes with your values. Your work must be meaningful; it must matter to you. And guided by your Belief theme it will matter only if it gives you a chance to live out yo ur values (StrengthsQuest 2010). Personal Strengths 3 Responsibility   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Your Responsibility theme forces you to take psychological ownership for anything you commit to, and whether large or small, you feel emotionally bound to follow it through to completion. Your good name depends on it. If for some reason you cannot deliver, you automatically start to look for ways to make it up to the other person. Apologies are not enough. Excuses and rationalizations are totally unacceptable. You will not quite be able to live with yourself until you have made restitution. This conscientiousness, this near obsession for doing things right, and your impeccable ethics, combine to create your reputation: utterly dependable. When assigning new responsibilities, people will look to you first because they know it will get done. When people come to you for help-and they soon will-you must be selective. Your willingness to volunteer may sometimes lead you to take on more than you should (StrengthsQuest 2010). Competition   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Competition is rooted in comparison. When you look at the world, you are instinctively aware of other peoples performance. Their performance is the ultimate yardstick. No matter how hard you tried, no matter how worthy your intentions, if you reached your goal but did not outperform your peers, the achievement feels hollow. Like all competitors, you need other people. You need to compare. If you can compare, you can compete, and if you can compete, you can win. And when you win, there is no feeling quite like it. You like measurement because it facilitates comparisons. You like other competitors because they invigorate you. You like contests because they must produce a winner. You particularly like contests where you know you have the inside track to be the winner. Although you are gracious to your fellow competitors and even stoic in defeat, you dont compete for the fun of competing. You compete to win. Over time you will come to avoid contests where winning seem s unlikely (StrengthsQuest 2010). Developer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You see the potential in others. Very often, in fact, potential is all you see. In your view no individual is fully formed. On the contrary, each individual is a work in progress, alive with possibilities. And you are drawn toward people for this very reason. When you interact with others, your goal is to help them experience success. You look for ways to challenge them. You devise interesting experiences that can stretch them and help them grow. And all the while you are on the lookout for the signs of growth-a new behavior learned or modified, a slight improvement in a skill, a glimpse of excellence or of â€Å"flow† where previously there were only halting steps. For you these small increments- invisible to some-are clear signs of potential being realized. These signs of growth in others are your fuel. They bring you strength and satisfaction. Over time many will seek Personal Strengths 4 you out for help and encouragement because on some level they know that your helpfulness is both genuine and fulfilling to you (StrengthsQuest 2010). Relator   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Relator describes your attitude toward your relationships. In simple terms, the Relator theme pulls you toward people you already know. You do not necessarily shy away from meeting new people-in fact, you may have other themes that cause you to enjoy the thrill of turning strangers into friends-but you do derive a great deal of pleasure and strength from being around your close friends. You are comfortable with intimacy. Once the initial connection has been made, you deliberately encourage a deepening of the relationship. You want to understand their feelings, their goals, their fears, and their dreams; and you want them to understand yours. You know that this kind of closeness implies a certain amount of risk-you might be taken advantage of-but you are willing to accept that risk. For you a relationship has value only if it is genuine. And the only way to know that is to entrust yourself to the other person. The more you share with each other, the more you risk t ogether. The more you risk together, the more each of you proves your caring is genuine. These are your steps toward real friendship, and you take them willingly (StrengthsQuest 2010). Career Correlations   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Physical fitness has always been my passion. I am currently working on getting a Bachelors degree in exercise science. With that being said, I have two routes that I would like to go. I would either like to be an athletic coach of some kind, or a personal trainer. With the strength themes I exhibited, these career fields are somewhat perfect for me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the strength theme, Belief, I want nothing more than to make a difference in peoples lives, through the avenue of physical fitness. By doing this, I can be happy with myself even if I dont make a ton of money. I believe that if you love what you do, the money will fall in to place (Ted Leonsis 2010). I am a big advocate of having a purpose in everything you do, whether large or small. My Belief, is that, I can have a positive influence on someones life, and Personal Strengths 5   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  teach them values and help them achieve personal goals they have set for themselves, through sports or working out.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Responsibility is my next theme, which gives me accountability to my future â€Å"clients† and â€Å"players.† I am not one to give up in anything when something doesnt go my way. If I commit to something, theres no turning back from it (Rotegà ¥rd,A.,Moore,S.,Fagermoen,M.,Ruland,C. 2010). If I cannot accomplish something or make a mistake, I dont try to make excuses, but rather, learn from it and move on. It is that sense of Responsibilty.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Competition is a great strength theme for me, especially given the option of coaching. Competition is a way that I can measure my work ethic and achievement motivation. I have a need to compare and contrast myself with others around me (Vetter,R.,Symonds,M. 2010). Not in the sense that I am better than they are, but constantly trying to better myself, by learning from those who I feel are better competitors. Competition can be a great asset when used right.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Developer is another great strength, because it can be applied, so easy, to both personal training and coaching as well. I think it is necessary for both too. I am good at seeing the â€Å"big picture† in people. I can see how someone may be good at something, but then know how to tweak their skills enough to help make them great at it. Through precision, non-complacency, and attention to details, I can help bring out the potential in others (Mark Helfand 2005). This is a huge driving force for me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finally, Relator is the last of my top five strength themes. Relator allows me to connect with those I work with. Empathy is so very important to both athletics and personal training. Personal Strengths 6 When you can see through someone elses eyes, you can share a bond with them that allows you to use a leadership role, by giving advice and making corrections without being questioned. It builds trust between both parties and allows for more efficient goal achievement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These top five strength themes that I exhibit, I believe, are not only perfect for coaching or personal training, but are, absolutely necessary in being successful as well. Personal Strengths References Mark Helfand. (2005). Using Evidence Reports: Progress And Challenges In Evidence-Based Decision Making.Health Affairs,24(1),123-127. Ted Leonsis. (2010,April). How to Build a Happy Company.Newsweek,155(15). Rotegà ¥rd,A.,Moore,S.,Fagermoen,M.,Ruland,C..(2010). Health assets: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies,47(4),513. Vetter,R.,Symonds,M..(2010). CORRELATIONS BETWEEN INJURY, TRAINING INTENSITY, AND PHYSICAL AND MENTAL EXHAUSTION AMONG COLLEGE ATHLETES.Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,24(3),587-96.

James Fenimore Cooper Essay -- essays research papers

James Fenimore Cooper was one of the pioneers in American novel writing. Cooper used the life and things he had experienced and turned them into best-selling novels that have held up throughout the years. He became famous with the publication of the wilderness adventures. Along with the success these books brought, so to came some criticism. To truly understand Coopers books you have to delve deeply into them and know from where he got the ideas for the stories. James Fenimore Cooper was born in Burlington, New Jersey on September 15th 1789 (â€Å"James Fenimore Cooper,† American Eras, n.p.). He was the eleventh child of William Cooper and Elizabeth Fenimore Cooper, whom he would later adopt part of his name from. His father was a land speculator, judge and Federalist politician (â€Å"James Fenimore Cooper†, DISCovering Biography, n.p.). In the early years of Fenimore Cooper’s life the family relocated from Burlington to the wilderness of Ostego Lake, New York. There, William Cooper built Ostego hall and developed the surrounding area as Cooperstown (â€Å"JFC†, DISCovering Biography, n.p.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1803 James Fenimore Cooper entered Yale at the tender age of thirteen years. However his immaturity proved to be consequential as he was expelled for blowing up a classmate’s door with gunpowder (â€Å"JFC†, DISCovering Biography, n.p.). After his expulsion, presumably as a consequence for his actions, Cooper joined the Navy and sailed aboard the Stirling. On the ship he was witness to many adventures such as pursuit by pirates and British impressments of U.S. sailors (JFC, DISCovering Biography, n.p.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In December of 1809 William Cooper died. However upon his death, he left James Cooper a large sum of money ($50,000). This money did not all go into Cooper’s pocket as he had to use some of it to care for his siblings (JFC, DISCovering Biography, n.p.). In May of the next year James would request a twelve-month break from the Navy to tend to family business. In his time from the Navy, Cooper met Susan Augusta DeLancey, the daughter of a country squire. They would marry on January 1, 1811 (JFC, DISCovering Biography, n.p.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cooper was an avid reader in his early adulthood. After reading a few pages of Jane Austen’s Precaution, he threw the book down in disgust and is claimed to have said, â€Å"I coul... ...Criticism (210). Maulsby disagrees that the story fails to arrive at a conclusion. To him, Deerslayer is the account of a mission undertaken by a hero and the mission is completed in the end. It was good to see someone defend against Twains critical attacks on Coopers style (Maulsby, 210-211).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In all of Coopers books there is a very vivid depiction of the surroundings writes W.C. Brownell in Nineteenth Century Literary Criticism (214). The setting really becomes part of the stories that wouldn’t be the same if there were a remotely different setting. Cooper had extensive exposure in the two types of settings he wrote in, wilderness and nautical, which probably facilitated the process of describing the surroundings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To think that James Fenimore Cooper was an always cheerful, always upbeat man who wrote well received novels would be incorrect. He managed to insult people on both sides of the Atlantic and still achieve stardom. Cooper was disliked by the common person and the author alike; despite the way people disliked Cooper the man, they could not attack his novels as he was considered the first great American Novelist.

Educational System Essay

The educational system has always been a topic to discuss. Whether for or against the argument, the educational system seems to be at the bottom of the nations priorities. Mainly the questions asked is where funding can come from, the participation needed, and the choices between educational systems. Since education is how a society must strive and expand in its knowledge and economy, the educational system for such should be at its forefront. Nevertheless, the educational system argument is one that seems to be overlooked and unnoticed. That is of course until now. In the opposition, some would argue that the education system does not pose a problem, suggesting that funding does not need to come from government and that we should spend more funds into law enforcement and military protection. They would argue that education for these individuals, such as military and police academies, does not come from our education fund. The opposition would discard the idea of participation needed from parents and loved ones and the emotional need for one to grow in an educational institute. This includes all camps and safety patrol that ensures children’s education beyond the classroom and the safety of children who do commute on foot. The opposing side would argue that there is no difference between educational systems and that all standards are the same. There is no difference between graduating from prestigious schools like Whitney or Woodcreek high, and graduating from a continuation school like Adelante high. Of course this would have no affect that persons ability to find jobs and employment opportunities, or the fact that year after year our country finds employees from other countries to do our jobs since we are not educated enough to perform ourselves. Not at all. Based off a study done by PBS, the total expenditures for education were about 7.5 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 1994-95. That means less than ten percent our our GDP was spent on educating our future members of society and ensuring economic strength. Expenditures for schooling is not the same from state to state. Each state spends a separate amount of money on education, all while being below ten percent of the GDP. There are more fundraisers and expenditures spent on law enforcement and entertainment than education across the states all together. The government should impose a mandatory minimum requirement of ten percent of the GDP earned by states to go to education. Schools would serve food for children that is not mediocre, while possibly providing students with school supplies instead of mandating students to bring class sets of tissues, spare sets of binder paper, and pens and pencils (a requirement of many classes i attended while in grade school). This would also mean new textbooks for students and education beyond the classroom such as camps or field trips. Participation is necessary for education. An educational statistic study was researched by Education.com, stating that mothers who did not finish high school struggle with reading and comprehension today. Only forty-one percent of parents read to their children everyday. While participation is not mandatory, it does help in a child’s growth. Students are unable to attend camps without volunteers like parents and volunteer instructors and staff. Field trips cannot happen without proper volunteering as well. Who remembers safety patrol? This program was composed of students and parent volunteers alike. Without them, students who commute on foot would not be safe from oncoming traffic that is unaware of their presence. Not just parent, but family participation is crucial to a child’s growth. The educational system has its own funding problems as well. There are multiple schooling systems to choose from and some have more funding than others. Private schools have a fee that is needed for tuition, so overall funding is fed by the students. Charter schools work the same way. Public schooling is completely dependent upon the state and federal government. There should be mandatory educational laws that should only differentiate based on location (like learning how to swim if next to an ocean). Each state has its own standards and the government has its own standard that needs to be met in the curriculum taught. The standard differences make some schools more prestigious while others are left behind. Would you rather have your child graduate from a community college or from a state university? Requirements for education should be the same throughout the country, not split up upon state or even county. With all these things depending on factors that some are unable to control, the battle for education is never won. While some may wonder where funding can come from, participation, and the choices between educational systems, there are some who look at the bigger picture. The education system today can be saved through societies efforts. We should use the education we have received to teach our offspring more than we were able to know. Striving as a country will not only benefit us, but will benefit the nation as a whole. The children of today are the future of today.